Avaliação de cultivares de trigo nas condições edafoclimáticas de Cerro Largo - RS

Abstract

The wheat crop (Triticum aestivum) has great economic importance, with great potential for increased production, being an excellent option for crop rotation, especially in southern Brazil, due to favorable weather conditions, becoming one of the main winter crops. . This work aimed to evaluate the differences in yield of different wheat cultivars recommended for cultivation in the region of Cerro Largo - RS, evaluating cycle characteristics, grain yield components, correlating them with yield, indication of resistance to wheat leaf rust and powdery mildew caused by the fungi Puccinia tritici and Blumeria graminis respectively. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul - Cerro Largo Campus, from May 18 to October 19, 2019, managed in a conventional tillage system. A randomized block design (DBC) with 3 replications and 12 wheat cultivars was used. Each experimental unit had an area of 2.04 m² (6 lines with 2 m each and 17 cm spacing between lines) where it was used as useful portion the 4 central lines (1.36 m²). Significant effect was observed for all evaluated characters, except for the tillering variable. The variable number of ears per square meter was the main component of the yield of wheat grain in the experiment. The cultivar with the highest yield was TBIO Sossego (3784 kg.ha-1), where it produced 47% above the national average of 2018. The cultivar TBIO Sonic had the lowest yield (1377 kg.ha-1).