Banco de germoplasma de espécies com potencial crioulo: estratégia de conservação de agrobiodiversidade do Assentamento 08 de Junho, município de Laranjeiras do Sul - PR.

Abstract

The improvement of vegetal plants is a procedure that occurs from the beginning of humanity, aiming to improve the quality of cultivated plants and their productivity, in between other factors. This process is in constant change and over time, breeders have adapted it with the use of technologies. However, the technique of properties improvement remained through farmers in order to select the most suited plants according to the growing region. These varieties selected by farmers themselves in their local cultivation according to their agronomic potential are known as crioulas or landraces varieties. With the agricultural modernization process (Green revolution) there was a change in the way of producing, where the old way of usage and crop, as the use of crioulas seeds, was gradually replaced by the expansion of monocultures, use of hybrid and transgenic seeds. Despite this, in many places it existed the preservation of these techniques and many farmers still make the improvement of their crops on their own lands, therefore ensuring their food sovereignty and their production in relation to companies with seed patents among other features. Based on this context, the present paper seeks to locate, collect and analyze how the conservation of crioulas seeds is held in family farms of the Rural Settlement 8 de Junho, since in this place people already have a history of struggle for land and the care towards their crops. The research was conducted through the lifting of the existence of crioulas agronomic species or with crioulo potential in those properties for conservation studies and dissemination of this material and improvement of it by farmers themselves and researchers, seeking to bring the crioulas seeds into the settlement as an alternative to crop diversification. Through selection of the families in the settlement who grow seeds with crioulo potential, a questionnaire, project understanding by farmers, and then making the collection of the propagative material. In the post-harvest laboratory of the UFFS preliminary tests of integrity and moisture were conducted on an expeditious way. Once verified good storage conditions of storage materials the tests were performed. The seeds were placed in impermeable plastic containers of smooth polyethylene Micra 20 and sealed under vacuum and the vegetative material was stored in refrigerator at a temperature of 5°C. Both were stored for a period up to six months to ensure the physiological viability of the material, all samples were properly identified with their place of origin. These materials are available to the UFFS for any research and plant breeding projects of materials with crioulo potential, and feature a sample to locate the material field in possession of the farmer.