Epidemiologia das doenças fúngicas invasivas em um hospital geral de Passo Fundo - RS

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic Mycoses (SM) have grown in the world and this is related to different factors. Epidemiological data on these infections are modest in relation to other diseases, mainly due to incorrect or incomplete diagnoses. Objective: The main objective of this study was to present the occurrence of SMs in a general hospital. Methodology: retrospective study, with analysis of medical records of patients diagnosed as SM between 2015 and 2018, at Hospital São Vicente de Paulo (HSVP), in Passo Fundo, RS. Inclusion criteria were patients with confirmed diagnosis of SM. Sociodemographic and clinical laboratorial data were collected. Results: it was observed that 60% were male and more than 85% were white coloured, 68.5% of patients with age between 20 and 60 years. Most patients came from urban areas (71,4%). More than half of the patients had some previous pathology and 37.1% were HIV positive. In 57.1% of the cases, the diagnostic confirmation was established by anatomopathological examination. Among the aetiological agents, the most prevalent was Cryptococcus in 23% of the cases and the most affected organ was the lung in 37.1% of the patients. Regarding treatment, itraconazole was the main used drug (28.5%), followed by surgical resection in 20% of patients. Conclusions: This study showed that there are a variety of agents that cause fungal infections, especially in the lungs, even in immunocompetent patients. However, there were more cases of cryptococcal infections in relation to other microorganisms, especially in HIV-positive individuals.