Estratégias para terapia da obesidade utilizadas na atenção primária em saúde nas Américas: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Objectives: To Analyze strategies for addressing obesity in the Americas with an emphasis on the involvement of primary health care. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted based on the PRISMA recommendation and PROSPERO to synthesize evidence related to obesity management strategies including the involvement of primary health care professionals from 2008 to 2018. The following bases were consulted:PubMed, SciELO, and Virtual Health Library - BVL/BIREME, The keywords used were “prevention and control" OR "therapy" AND "Obesity" AND "Primary Health Care". Theywereobtainedfrom the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) from BIREME (http://decs.bvs.br/), and the Boolean algorithm was applied on MeSH (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh). Results: Of 17 adults and children/teenager’s clinical trials, 7 showed significant reduction in weight and reduction in waist circumference (p <0.001 ap <0.01). It was also observed improvements in BMI, BMI z-score and %BMIp95 (p <0.001 ap <0.01). Conclusions: Only the combination of different strategies, including primary health care and preventive measures, which are reflected in changing habits, are able to reduce and keep obesity under control.