Inventário e diagnóstico da arborização urbana do município de Cândido Godói, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Abstract

This work aimed to carry out an inventory and diagnosis of the urban afforestation of Candido Godói-RS town. In order to do so, an inventory of the trees was made, the conditions of the state of the crown of the trees were recorded and the existence of conflicts of the roots and crowns of the individuals with the urban environment was verified. The city of Candido Godói is located in the northwest mesoregion of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (latitude 27º57'07 "S; longitude 54º45’07”O). Data collection included all trees present on the streets and avenues of the urban area. The inventory resulted in a total of 2,811 arboreal individuals, distributed in 55 species and 26 families. The richest families were Leguminosae (7), Myrtaceae (7) and Moraceae (6). The family Oleaceae had the highest number of individuals (17.60%, n = 495), followed by the Rosaceae family (12.48%, n = 337) and Anacardiaceae (11.80%, n = 332). Among the 55 species identified, three were more common: Ligustrum lucidum (n = 495, 17,61%), Mangifera indica (n = 332, 11,81%) and Pyrus communis (n = 275, 9,78%). Twenty-six fruit species, distributed in 1,160 species, were verified in the afforestation. Regarding the canopy status, 3.38% (n = 95) of the individuals presented absent crown, 44.97% (n = 1,264) of the subjects presented good crown and 51.65% (n = 1,452) considered bad. As for the root system, 1,708 (60.76%) individuals had roots that do not point and do not cause damages in the urban environment, 1,041 (37.03%) individuals had roots that point in the middle and cause damage and in 62 (2.21 %) Individuals the roots point, but without damage to the environment. With the data of this study it is possible to conclude that in the arborization of Candido Godói is necessary the planting of new species, and that although the exotic ones are predominant, there are a good number of native species in the city. In addition, the data show that there are few conflicts between afforestation and the urban environment and that measures to reduce drastic pruning should be employed.