A atenção diferenciada aos povos indígenas nos serviços de saúde: análise das propostas formuladas nas etapas locais da 6 Conferência Nacional de Saúde Indígena, do polo base Passo Fundo/RS

Abstract

This research work aims to analyze the principles of the differentiated care model of healthcare services offered to indigenous populations. The process of health and illness embraces many factors beyond the biological ones and that is why there are different conceptions when it comes to the causes of human health problems. Since it is known that there are many causes for becoming sick, it is a fact that the final goal, which is the cure and/or providing better health conditions doesn‟t depend on the chosen form of medical treatment. It is impossible to deny that physical, emotional, natural, social, individual and or collective factors take direct part in the process of getting ill. Indigenous peoples, who are protected by their social, cultural, religious, cosmological, have their own medical knowledge which comes with the causes and propositions of treatment for each and every disease. The PNASPI (National Politics of Attention to the Healthcare of Indigenous Peoples) in Brazil recommends that the services should be guided by the principle of universal access, community participation and communication with the traditional cultures, fundamentally considering cultural practices of each people and bringing them as close as possible to the services offered by the Brazilian healthcare system. It‟s important to understand that the attention to health care of indigenous population must be paid in a special way that takes their cultural aspects into consideration without denying that these peoples need an approach that embraces their wholeness. Based on the idea of differentiated attention, this paper is willing to study the part took by indigenous peoples in the process of social participation and control in detail by analyzing the proposals made in the local phases of the VI National Conference on Indigenous Healthcare in Passo Fundo, which presented “National Politics of Attention to the Healthcare of Indigenous Peoples (PNASPI): Differentiated Attention, Life and Health inside Indigenous Communities” as its main theme. This research is part of the Interdisciplinary Certificate Program in Humanities at UFFS/Erechim, under a fact- finding blueprint called social knowledge, process and practices and was based on the methodological analysis, Hermeneutics and Dialectics and a qualitative critical analysis of the speech, putting together interdisciplinary knowledge about healthcare, sociology and anthropology.