Consumo alimentar e estado nutricional de adultos e idosos na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

To describe and characterize the prevalence of overweight, and its associated factors, in users of primary care units in a medium-sized city in the north of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Passo Fundo, RS, between May and August 2019, with adults and elderly users of the urban Primary Health Care network. The data were collected through a tested and pre-coded questionnaire, evaluated by trained interviewers, who presented themselves at the unit's reception, identified and invited users according to selection criteria. The data were typed twice and validated, and a statistical analysis included the description of the sample, the calculation of the outcome prevalence (CI95) and a bivariate analysis, calculating the gross Prevalence Ratios (PR) and their CI95. In multivariate analysis, Poisson Regression was used, with robust variance for clusters generating the adjusted PR and their 95% CI. The analysis was the type of backward stepwise. Results: The sample consisted of 1,365 participants. A prevalence of 65% (95% CI 62-68) of overweight individuals was observed. It was observed a higher probability of the outcome in adults, individuals with a spouse, negative self-perception of food, presence of two or more chronic non transmissible diseases, not having the habit of practicing physical activity, not using continuous medication, not having a self-reported diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, not being a smoker and not using TV, computer or cell phone during meals. Conclusion: The study showed a high prevalence of overweight in users of Primary Health Care, above the national average, and several factors associated with it. It is necessary the focus on health promotion and education actions, with the objective to mitigate the risks of overweight and its possible consequences, since it is a risk factor for the biggest cause of mortality in our country.