Isolamento social na pandemia de Covid-19

Abstract

The concept of social isolation is addressed under different perspectives in the literature and is often exchanged with other concepts. It is noted that there is no unity in the concepts that guide community and professional practices in relation to Covid-19, which can lead to conduct breakdowns. Given this, the purpose of this article is to observe the concept of social isolation, physical isolation, distancing and quarantine, besides seeking for the lessons involved in social isolation for the practice and training of health professionals. For this purpose, the LILACS and PubMed databases were consulted with the keywords coronavirus infections and social isolation. 86 articles were found, in which inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in 20 articles. The results did not find, in most studies, the definitions of the selected terms, as well as the comparison between them. Among the authors who addressed, it was observed the use of different expressions for the same concept or, still, multiple definitions for the same expression. Such approach becomes problematic because it generates misinformation, as well as uncoordinated actions between researchers, academics, professionals and policy makers. Regarding professional training and performance, the authors reinforce the need for closer ties and humanization during this period and guide the use of telehealth as an aid in the context of social isolation. It is observed that services and professionals have been looking for ways to deal with the pandemic in an effective and articulated way. It is inferred, however, the need for more research aiming to achieve unity of information and greater scientific knowledge on the subject.