Estudo da temperatura de superfície na área urbana de Erechim-RS

Abstract

In order to contribute to the dissemination and operationalization of geotechnologies for the studies of Geographic Climatology, the present research aimed to characterize the phenomenon of islands of heat and freshness in the urban area of the municipality of Erechim-RS. Through the use of satellite images, thermal maps were produced for each season of the year (autumn, winter, spring and summer) during the period from 2017 to 2019. We also sought to understand urban growth and population expansion, taking into account consideration the recent past to have a linearity until the present moment, understanding the urban living space, together with this the urban climate that in its entirety is impregnated in society and in thermal comfort. It was also necessary to understand the climatic dynamics in order to identify the types of weather in the study area and, as a result, characterize the influence of atmospheric systems on the genesis of the islands of heat and urban freshness. It was also intended to analyze the characteristics of surface temperatures and their relationship with the altimetry and spatial distribution of the vegetation cover. We conclude that when understanding surface temperature, air temperature, types of atmospheric weather, there are islands of heat and freshness and these are the result of the distribution of vegetation coverings, altimetry and water bodies. It was possible to verify that the heat islands are stronger in the summer and spring seasons reaching an amplitude of 2ºC to a maximum of 20ºC in the same day and time and weaker with low intensity in the autumn and winter seasons with temperatures 9ºC to 39ºC. We consider the urban environmental problem where planning agencies and public policies could interfere to improve the thermal comfort of the city of Erechim, after all it is our living space.