Ocupação e mediação no movimento dos agricultores sem terra do sudoeste do Paraná (Mastes) na década de 1980: o caso da fazenda Annoni

Abstract

The Movement of Landless Farmers of Southwest Paraná (Mastes) was organized in the 1980s, in the context of the first land occupation carried out in the region, at Fazenda Annoni, in Marmeleiro, in 1983, in an unproductive area, after the removal of all the wood and in a context of political opportunity with the weakening of the dictatorial regime, together with the democratic reopening. The exclusion and expropriation of land with the expropriation of peasant farming families for the modernization of agriculture and the construction of hydroelectric plants, which allowed the formation of a collective political identity based on common consensus and objectives, contributed to the emergence of Mastes. The present work aims to analyze the mediation carried out for the creation of the Mastes by institutions that were already consolidated in the Southwest, such as rural workers unions, the Association for Rural Studies and Guidance (Assesoar) and segments of the Catholic Church at that time imbued with social causes and work, through pastorals. Then, the mediation carried out by Mastes himself with the landless peasants of the region, especially in the occupation and encampment of Fazenda Annoni. This idea of mediation will be developed from the perspective of rural sociology with theoretical support from Cultural History and philosophy of praxis. The study is important to demonstrate how the process of articulation and action of a social movement in the field takes place in an interactive and dynamic way with a mediation process at a time when social struggles are emerging in the country. In addition, it emphasizes the importance of inserting this rural population into the political game, often in a forced way, but which finds some results, such as the conquest of land and the formation at the national level of one of the largest social movements in the world, the Movement Landless Rural Workers (MST), which also had a contribution from Mastes.