Aplicação de preparados homeopáticos na cultura da couve folha: efeito sobre os aspectos agronômicos e fisiológicos das plantas e na incidência de afídeos

Abstract

Homeopathy is an important social technology, meeting the growing desires of the population, which increasingly seeks the consumption of healthy foods that have been produced in harmony with the environment. In this sense, the objective was to verify the effect of the application of homeopathic preparations in the culture of leaf cabbage on the agronomic and physiological aspects of plants and on the incidence of aphids. The design adopted was completely randomized, with the treatments consisting of two homeopathic preparations (Calcarea carbonica and Staphysagria) in three dynamizations (18CH, 24CH and 30CH), plus control (distilled water). The applications started nine days after the transplant, which occurred on 07/15/20, with 4-day intervals, totaling 16 applications. The dilution used was 10 mL L-1 in distilled water, with an individual hand spray. At crop harvest, 71 days after transplantation, the variables SPAD index response (chlorophyll), stem diameter, height, number of expanded leaves, total number of leaves, fresh and dry weight, percentage of dry weight and area were measured leaf. In the SPAD Staphysagria index variable, it did not promote changes, whereas Calcara carbonica was smaller than the control. For the stem diameter, the best results were for the lower potencies of the two homeopathies. At the height of Calcarea carbonica 18CH and Staphysagria 24CH plants, they were 14.95 and 14.38% taller than the control and Staphysagria 30CH. For the number of expanded leaves Staphysagria 24CH and 18CH were 15.50 and 11.64% higher than Staphysagria 30CH. In relation to the total number of leaves, Staphysagria 24CH provided a greater number in relation to the control and 30CH of Staphysagria. The variables fresh and dry mass showed a relatively similar behavior with better results for the dynamizations 18CH and 24CH of both drugs. For percentage of dry mass, Calcarea carbonica at 30CH, presented the best result. For leaf area Staphysagria 30CH, presented the smallest area. It is concluded that the lower dynamizations of Staphysagria and Calcarea carbonica showed better results, in most variables. Staphysagria, in the 24CH dynamization, provided positive results in six of the eight agronomic variables. Periodic evaluations could clarify possible pathogenesis provided by the 30CH dynamizations of Staphysagria and Calcarea carbonica. The spontaneous nonoccurrence of aphids during the experiment period does not allow to state that it was due to the treatments.