Renda agrícola do morango (Fragaria x ananassa DUCH) convencional e viabilidade da produção semi-hidropônica em uma unidade de produção agrícola familiar, no município de Gramado dos Loureiros-RS

Abstract

Family farming is still responsible for about 60% of the food that arrives at the tables of Brazilians. One of the main obstacles for small rural producers is the scarcity of successors and lack of information (education + technical assistance), which is the problem of central interest to this study. Based on this problem, the work proposes the analysis and diagnosis of a family agricultural production unit in the municipality of Gramado dos Loureiros RS. Data collection was carried out with the support of a questionnaire with questions regarding the activities carried out on the property, improvements, machinery, production and marketing of the strawberry, the respective expenses (seedlings, fertilizers, fuel, pesticides, electricity, implementation of greenhouses, etc.) , and the demand / availability of labor. After collecting the data, it was possible to calculate the agricultural income in the year 2018 and 2019 in the strawberry industry. In the first year analyzed, agricultural income was R $ 83,856.50, which corresponds to a monthly income during the production cycle of R $ 2,329.35 per person (four people and nine months of harvest, from April to December). In 2019, the agricultural income was R $ 124,588.99, which corresponds to a monthly income during the production cycle of R $ 3,406.80 per person. Although productive, the production of strawberries in the conventional system (in soil) is excessively hard, as it requires the family to work in uncomfortable and unhealthy conditions (long down), especially during the harvest. The production of strawberries in the semi-hydroponic system (10,000 seedlings) was explored in this work as an alternative to soil cultivation. The project proved to be economically attractive, since the indicators used for the feasibility analysis showed positive results, NPV R $ 382,081.77, IRR 696% and Payback in the first year. Additionally, strawberry cultivation in the semi-hydroponic system presents a demand for labor similar to the soil cultivation system, 290 DTH and 284.8 DTH respectively. The main difference is in the hardship of the work. In semi-hydroponic cultivation, strawberry management can be done standing, without excessive wear due to the position in activities such as harvesting and pruning, which meets the family's goals of reducing hardship of work and expanding the possibilities of family