Potencial alelopático de extratro de poaia (Borreria latifolia (Aub.)K. Schum.) sobre espécies cultivadas

Abstract

Weeds are a major cause of economic losses in agricultural crops, many resources are spent and efforts to manage infestations of these species and the inappropriate use of herbicides contribute to make the plants resistant. The inadequate management of these species can cause the loss of the quality of the economic crops and the reduction of the productivity. For their control the most used method is the chemical control with herbicides, because they are easily found and demand little labor, however the large scale use of active herbicides besides provoking plant resistance causes serious environmental problems. Seeking more sustainable alternative production methods alternative weed control has been gaining ground. The present work had the objective of evaluating the potential allelopathic extract Poia (Borreria latifolia) in the germination and initial development of wheat, kale and ryegrass, using increasing doses of extract. The experiment consisted of four replicates and two experiments, being in the first experiment the sowing in germitest paper and in the second experiment seeded in substrate arranged in a completely randomized design. In the experiment, warm grass (Borreria latifolia) was used in the proportions of 0g / L; 60g / L; 120g / L; 180g / L; 240g / L and 300g / L on seed germination of Azevém, wheat and cabbage butter. The seeds were sown on germitest paper, and 30 seeds of wheat, 30 ryegrass and 50 cabbage were sown in each replicate. 50 ml of poia extract was used per replicate in wheat and ryegrass, in Cabbage applied 12 ml by "Gerbox". In the substrate we performed 4 replicates and evaluated 90 wheat seeds, 72 ryegrass and 72 cabbage. These seeds received two applications of 400 ml extract per replicate, the trays were kept in a controlled environment with a temperature of 20 ° C. The evaluations were performed on the seventh day after germination in experiment 1 and experiment 2 were performed on the tenth day. The data were evaluated by the Tukey test at the 5% level of significance. The three species tested present some type of allelopathic susceptibility to the poaia extract (Borreria latifolia), with the most evident results being the effect of the extracts with the highest concentration of poaia. New field studies can be performed to see if these behaviors are repeated.