Manejos da cobertura de solo com azevém associado a capina no controle de plantas danilhas na cultura do milho

Abstract

The interference caused by weeds generates significant losses in maize productivity. The use of hedge plants is a management option for weed suppression, which associated with weeding may result in an alternative to the use of herbicides and that guarantees adequate corn productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of different forms of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) as cover and weeding during the interference period for weed control in corn (Zea mays). For that, an experiment was carried out in the field in the municipality of Chapecó/SC, with a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were allocated in a 6x2 factorial scheme; the first factor was formed by managements of ryegrass cover, with mowing 20 days before sowing (DBS); mowing 10 DBS; mowing with straw removal; mowing without straw removal; plowing; without managements. And the second factor, for the realization and without realization of weeding in the Critical Period for Interference (CPFI) of corn. The variables analyzed were: emergence, plant height, spikes per m2; rows per spike, grains per row, grains per spike, mass of one thousand grains and yield of corn crops. Regarding weeds, the identification, quantification and collection of plants for analysis of dry mass. Different ryegrass management as a weed suppression cover did not show statistical difference when evaluated the dry mass of weeds. In relation to corn productivity, treatments with different managements of coverage is the same. However, a difference of more than 1000 kg ha-1 is observed for the treatment without removal of the straw on the day of sowing. The weeds found in this experiment are those that commonly infest corn crops in southern Brazil. The performance of the weed during the period of weed interference in the maize crop provided an increase in yield.