Desenvolvimento de membrana cerâmica de microfiltração e aplicação como pré-tratamento de águas residuárias da indústria de papel

Abstract

Paper processing is characterized as one of the three largest producers of wastewater, with the generation of hazardous effluents. In order to minimize impacts on water resources and comply with the standards required by legislation are needes advanced treatment solutions. The present study developed a ceramic membrane for filtration based on rice husk ash and kaolinitic clay to treat a raw effluent of paper industries. The membrane was obtained by uniaxil compretion (27MPa) with subsequent sintering at 1220ºC for 1 hour. Base formulations materials were characterized by chemical analysis. The membrane presented apparent porosity of 34,6%, density of 1,30 g.cm-³, diameter and thickness linear retraction of 1,7 and 2,5%, respectively, fire loss of 9,3% and a good chemical stability at acid and base solution. Hidraulic permeability corresponded to 11,3 x 10-3 m³.m-2.s-1.MPa-1, and pore diameter to 2.29 μm. The characterization of the raw effluent showed high levels of COD (1125,4 mg L-1), turbidity (1300 UNT), and color (253,8 UC). The filtration study indicated good results of membrane efficiency due removal of turbidity (99,3%), COD (95,7%), color (83,0%), phenolic compounds (82,1%) and solids (85,1 to 90%). The rice husk ash accompleshed the function as pore-form agent and adsorbent of phenolic compounds.