Significados da música como promotora da saúde na oncologia pediátrica: percepções de crianças, adolescentes e familiares

Abstract

The hospitalization process for children, adolescents and their families who experience an oncological disease, is characterized by a period of difficult adaptation, with meanings of fear, anxiety, insecurity, changes in routine and priorities emerging. In this scenario, healthpromoting actions in the hospital environment are urgent, and music can be one of the possibilities of performance. Thus, this research aims to understand the meanings of music as a health promoter in the hospitalization process for cancer treatment, in the perceptions of children, adolescents and their families. This is an exploratory, descriptive research, with a qualitative approach, based on the theoretical assumptions of Health Promotion and Symbolic Interactionism. There was the participation of six children and five adolescents, who were hospitalized in the oncology unit of a hospital in the municipality of Oeste Catarinense, and 10 family members who accompanied the children and / or adolescents. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants, and the collection was carried out between the months of October and November 2019. The data analysis occurred through content analysis. As a result of the research, two articles were produced. The first called Hospitalization and music to promote health: meanings of children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment, which emerged in three categories; 1) Signifying the hospitalization process in the eyes of children and adolescents; 2) Health symbology and health promotion; 3) Music as a health promoter in the hospital: unveiling meanings. And the second, entitled Music as a health promoter during hospitalization: meanings of family members of children and adolescents with cancer, with three categories emerging: 1) Hospitalization process: meanings for the relative; 2) Experience of family members: meaning health and health promotion; 3) Interfaces between music and health in the eyes of family members. Children, adolescents and family members signified the hospitalization process as a mixture of feelings and sensations, with changes in their routines and priorities. They highlighted music as a care technology to be used by nursing and other health professionals in the hospital environment, to promote the health of children, adolescents and family members who experience cancer.