Avaliação dos efeitos do extrato de Maytenus ilicifolia sobre parâmetros de estresse oxidativo e sinalização purinérgia em células de melanoma cutâneo

Abstract

Cutaneous melanoma originates from the disordered proliferation of melanocytes, being considered an extremely aggressive cancer, with a high rate of metastasis and mortality. Among the most common triggering factors are ultraviolet radiation (UV), phenotypes (skin, eyes and light hair) and formation of free radicals (RL). In addition, purinergic signaling is considered cancer biomarkers, due to high levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and extracellular adenosine (ADO), as they act as pro-inflammatory and / or immunosuppressive agents. Several patients affected by non-special melanoma or are resistant to conventional treatments, making it effective. In this sense, the development of research on medicinal plants is extremely extreme and indispensable. Among them, a Maytenus ilicifolia Mart popularly known as espinheirasanta, native to the southern region of Brazil. Its compounds have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Maytenus ilicifolia Mart extract on the parameters of oxidative stress and purinergic signaling in cutaneous melanoma cell lines. SK-Mel-28 cells were cultured with culture medium (DMEN) containing fetal bovine serum, antibiotic, and antifungal, and detailed under ideal conditions for their proliferation. The cells were treated with 5 µg / mL, 50 µg / mL, 100 µg / mL, 250 µg / mL and 500 µg / mL of Maytenus ilicifolia Mart ethanolic extract for 24 hours. After treated, we analyzed their effects on cell viability, cell migration, oxidative stress biomarkers, and purinergic signaling, through ectonucleotidases. The results showed an increase in cell viability in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and a decrease in cell viability in cancer cells, as well as the control of cell migration, decreased oxidative stress and ectonucleotidases biomarkers and increased antioxidants after treatment with Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. These results indicate that the components present have no extract having an anti-tumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect on SK-Mel-28 cells, playing a fundamental role in the prevention and progression of the tumor in human melanoma cells, which may contribute to an improvement in the life of the population.