Relações familiares e a teoria e a teoria do apego: impactos do processo de privação de liberdade na família e na saúde

Abstract

Incarceration interferes with the human condition by producing several disruptions of the individual with the social and family environment, the deprivation of freedom has repercussions on the distancing of family, children, friends and everyone who is part of the social environment. The objective of the work was to produce a qualitative meta-synthesis about the implications that the process of deprivation of liberty has in the family relationships of convicted adults. Regarding the methodology, it is a qualitative meta-synthesis in which ten studies were selected. The search took place in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Science Direct, PsycINFO and LILACS databases during the period from September to December 2020. The recommendations described in the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) were used. The SPIDER strategy was used to conduct the elaboration of the investigative question and the search strategy used. Using the checklist criteria of the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP), two researchers independently assessed the rigor of the selected studies. The study data were extracted with the help of the instrument adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute, composed of information such as: title, authors, country, year, place of publication, phenomenon of interest, study objectives, population, methodology, theory, results and conclusions. With the data in place, to determine the relationship between the evidence, analyzing its characteristics in a broad perspective, the MaxQDA® software version 2020 was used. The results show that the separation between parents and children, caused by the incarceration process, causes consequences important in children's development and health, influencing the attachment process. It is concluded that maintaining family contact during deprivation of liberty has benefits both for the incarcerated person and for everyone in his family circle, especially his children. In addition, the need to expand these discussions is emphasized through empirical studies on the bonding relationships established between family members and people deprived of liberty, which highlight the attachment relationships established, as well as their implications and coping measures arising from this. event.