Mortalidade por doenças do aparelho circulatório em municípios de grande porte no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul: análise temporal e diferenças demográficas

Abstract

Disease from circulatory system (CAD) has been the leading cause of mortality since 1980s and has accounted for a substantial burden of disease in Brazil and worldwide. Temporal and spatial assessment of mortality from CAD in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) is essential to support health actions aimed to monitoring public policies. This study aimed to analyze the trend of mortality from CAD and its main causes of death, between 2009 and 2019. Methods: An ecological study was carried-out on the trend of mortality from CAD, according to sex and age group, and the analysis unit were nine municipalities in RS. Deaths from CAD were stratified according to cause into: ischemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular disease (CBVD) and hypertensive disease (HYPD). Population and mortality data were obtained through the Health Information Systems provided by DATASUS. Prais Winsten regression was used to assess temporal trend. Results: Three of the nine municipalities analyzed showed a significant reduction in mortality rates due to CAD, namely: Caxias do Sul, Canoas and Porto Alegre. When analyzed by cause, it was observed that the IHD mortality coefficients decreased in Caxias do Sul, Ijuí and Porto Alegre. In these municipalities, and in Passo Fundo and Uruguaiana, there was a decrease in mortality from CBVD. The cities of Ijuí, Porto Alegre and Santa Maria, on the other hand, registered an increase in mortality rates due to HYPD. It was also observed, in most municipalities, an increase in rates with advancing age and higher deaths registration in males. Conclusion: There is a heterogeneity in CAD mortality rates that may be related to socioeconomic indicators, cultural and lifestyle differences. The hypothesis that the mortality reduction is associated with the public policies implementation and the control of cardiovascular.