A posição dos banqueiros no processo político brasileiro: análise da CNF, da Febraban e dos principais bancos privados no Brasil (2016 a 2020)

Abstract

This work aims to understand the positioning of the banking fraction in relation to government policy for the period 2016 to 2020. We seek to understand how bankers position themselves and what are their main topics of interest. To fulfill this objective, we analyzed the public positions of the National Confederation of Financial Institutions – CNF –, the National Federation of Banks – FEBRABAN – and the heads of the main private institutions in the country – Itaú Unibanco, Bradesco and Santander. Our research was guided by the Poulantzian problematic of class fractions and the power bloc. The work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter presents a bibliographical review of Brazilian research on class and power bloc fractions and studies on the banking fraction. In this chapter, we also present the main characteristics of the National Financial System. In the second chapter, we carry out an analysis of the political and economic situation from 2014 to 2020 and present the main actions of the Temer and Bolsonaro governments regarding the economic issue. The third addresses the political positioning of bankers. In general, the political positioning of bankers was always linked to neoliberal precepts of the Minimum State. We also identified the bankers' concern with the sector's image and the attempt to legitimize and enhance its profitability. In the post-coup situation, constitutional reforms gain centrality in the fraction's political agenda.