Avifauna e paisagem sonora em ambientes de floresta atlântica subtropical

Abstract

The birdlife is one of the groups of organisms most studied and used as bioindicators of environmental changes. The objective of this work was to evaluate, through studies of the sound landscape, the community of birds vocally active in different environments of a conservation area. The study was carried out in the Chapecó National Forest, Gleba I, (Chapecó, Santa Catarina). Were sampled Native forest environments at an advanced stage, native forest environments at an initial stage of regeneration and Pinus plantation environments. In each environment, two sites were included in the sampling, one closer to a dirt road and one more distant. Were collected the sound data using a Marantz® and a Tascan® recorder, using the built - in omnidirectional microphones, with sampling rates of 44.1 kHz stereo and 16 bits. Was carried out an auditory scanning of all the recordings, identifying the species present, classifying them in terms of habitat preference, and feeding habits. We recorded 82 species of birds in vocal activity in all environments, distributed in 11 orders and 31 families. The environments did not differ in species richness (p = 0.804). The native forest in the advanced stage has a higher proportion of exclusive species (p = 0.032). The majority (56.1%, n = 46) of the species are of generalist habits and 43.9% (n = 36) are of forest habits. The proportion of groups of forest and generalist species is different between environments, being higher in native forest environment at an advanced stage (p = 0.0055). The environments had no significant difference in the proportion between feeding guilds (p = 0.6342). All species threatened with extinction, in the vulnerable category (n = 3), were recorded in the native forest environment at an advanced stage.