Avaliação anatomopatológica de úteros e ovários de cadelas submetidas à ovariohisterectomia eletiva

Abstract

The prolonged effects of progesterone are well observed in bitches due to the consecutive and stimulatory effect of the estrous cycles, as well as by the administration of progesterone analogues as a contraceptive method. The progesterone acts in a physiological way during the regulation and maintenance of the reproductive functionality of the females, inducing the secretion of endometrial glands and inhibiting the contraction of the myometrium. On the other hand, several studies have shown that, under continuous effect, progesterone predisposes to uterine and ovarian alterations. These alterations may manifest themselves subclinically, thus the histological evaluation allows the observation of the effects provoked in the uterine and ovarian tissues. The objective of this study was to perform the histopathological uterus and ovaries evaluation of of clinically healthy canine females submitted to elective ovariohysterectomy (OH). The study was performed at the Superintendence University Veterinary Hospital Unit of the Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (SUHVU - UFFS), Realeza Campus, from January 2019 to August 2021. The study included the evaluation of 65 animals samples fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution sent to the Anatomopathological Diagnostic Service of UFFS (Serviço de Diagnóstico Anatomopatológico da UFFS). Fragments of 5 mm thick were cleaved from the medial portion of each uterine horn, and for each ovary it was collected a longitudinal cut. After the slides were processed, the microscopic evaluation was carried out, with histological description and preparation of anatomopathological reports. The results showed that 61.5% (40/65) of clinically healthy bitches underwent elective OH presented uterine or ovarian affections or the association between them. Between the uterine abnormalities found, the most frequent was the cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH), including 82.1% (23/28) of the cases of affected uteri. Regarding to the ovarian abnormalities, cysts were the most frequent alterations, observed in 73.3% (22/30) of the animals. All bitches with a history of contraceptive use (8/8) presented uterine and ovarian disorders, being them CEH, polycystic ovaries, CEH associated with follicular cyst and CEH associated with polycystic ovaries.