Potencial antimicrobiano de Acmella Oleracea (L). R. K. Jansen frente a patógenos infecciosos de importância veterinária

Abstract

The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials tends to lead to the acquisition of resistance mechanisms by microorganisms, which ends up promoting an increase in morbidity and mortality among people and animals. Therefore, it is necessary to develop adjuvant alternative treatments for these diseases in order to assist patients in promoting alternatives to pre-existing allopathic treatments. This work evaluated the antimicrobial potential of jambu (Acmella oleracea), native to the Amazon, cultivated under climatic conditions in southwestern Paraná. The research was carried out in the Experimental Areas of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), on the Realeza campus, in the state of Paraná. The collection of jambu seeds was carried out in the city of Macapá, Amapá, preceded by soil preparation using organic fertilization, planting, harvesting, desiccation, subsequent crushing and obtaining the Gross Extract (EBAc) through alcoholic extraction. In order to extract the Essential Oil (OEAc) and the Hydrolate (HIAc) from the jambu, different distillation techniques were used, which were later evaluated against some pathogens of microbial origin important in veterinary medicine and using disk-diffusion tests (Kirby-Bauer), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (CBM) or minimum fungicidal concentration (CFM), for bacteria and fungi, respectively. Which were later quantified by the serial microdilution methodology and their data were evaluated using the Scott-Knott test. The results found suggest that jambu compounds have a significant “in vitro” antimicrobial effect, especially with regard to fungi, which corroborates pre-existing data on the use of jambu and makes it possible to carry out “in vivo” tests to be performed in the future.