Educação estética em Friedrich Schiller

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the concept of moral education anchored in Friedrich Schiller's aesthetic education. To this end, we will start from the analysis of the concepts of morality and freedom in the work Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, as well as the concept of aesthetic judgment in the Critique of the Judgment of Taste, both by Immanuel Kant. At the end of the first part, we will bear in mind the relationship between morality and Kantian aesthetic judgment. Next, we will analyze the concepts of aesthetic judgment, freedom, morality and nature in the works on the Aesthetic Education of Man, Kallias letters or About Beauty and Of the Sublime and On the Tragedy by F. Schiller in order to carry out a confrontation of these conceptions between F. Schiller and I. Kant. Kant analyzes reason itself, Schiller, challenges himself to clarify the troubled distortions that rationality projected in the expression of aesthetics and art. The study of this theme has its importance, considering that, in the path through knowledge in Philosophy, the understanding of all human faculties is always sought. For Kant (2000), the faculty of judgment operates only as a reflexive tool between reason and understanding. Schiller (1989) considers that, for man to become rational, he must first be sensitive, aesthetic. The study denotes the concern of the authors and society in the onslaught to elucidate issues that had not been fully resolved. Schiller, in this context, envisions a harmony between reason and sensitivity and, retaking Kant, with freedom and its relationship with morality. The methodology of this study is bibliographic and with theoretical research, looking for authors to base the knowledge in front of these two authors and their studies.