Platão e a educação entre os gregos

Abstract

The present work is divided into five chapters. In the first, “The place of the Greeks in the history of human education”, we try to present some significant aspects of Greek education, understood as paideia, and relevant points about the arete. In the second chapter, “The Sophist Movement”, we worked on who the Sophists were and their impact on the history of education. In the third chapter, simply called “Plato”, we present a short biography about the same Philosopher, the state of education that was in his day and Plato's conceptions in the formation of the virtuous man. In the fourth chapter, “Plato's critique of the sophists”, we discussed what the Platonic view was about the educational aspects of the sophists, as well as their severe criticisms of them. Finally, in the fifth chapter, “Plato's critique of the educational function of poetry”, we emphasize the divergences of thought between the philosopher and the sophists regarding the function of poetry in the education of the guardian and art as mimesis. In this way, the work tries to give an overview of Hellenistic education, the way the Greek people treated and thought about education and how the Sophist movement launched a new educational vision, with market aspects. This leads to what Plato thought, with his agreement and disagreement with the Sophist movement and, above all, his harsh criticisms of that same movement. The intention is to show a little bit what Plato thinks about education, pointing out how he was beyond his time when proposing an education focused on the good, which can transform man in our contemporaneity.