Influência da poda apical e do espaçamento entre linhas no desempenho agronômico da soja

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) presents a significant transformation in the economic scenario, becoming the fourth most important crop in the world, with exponential growth, both in production in cultivated areas. A way to cultivate the expansion of agricultural crops towards the native forest that increases the productivity of techniques. In this perspective, a management that has been introduced for the soybean crop or removal of the apic cut meristem from the plants, which aims to conclude the apical dominance of the simulated plants and the lateral shoots. In this, the dimensioning objective was designed to work in the way that it could be apical in different arrangements. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, in a 3x3 factorial system, with 3 cutting periods (30 days after emergence; 40 days after emergence and without cutting) and 3 spacing (35 cm; 45 cm and 55 cm), with 4. The variables were: number of branches, number of grains per plant, number of pods per plant, plant height, thousand grain mass, dry mass and yield. The results allowed that: There was no interaction between apical factors and spacing. Soybean apical pruning at 30 DAE positively influenced branching variables, number of pods and number of grains per plant. However, it did not influence the productivity of the culture. Soybean management with apical pruning 30 DAE and spacing of 35 cm between rows was the one with the highest average yield, although it did not differ from the control.