Influência de adubos verdes sobre a entomofauna associada ao cultivo consorciado de abóbora e milho

Abstract

The increment of agroecosystems can be achieved through different strategies that allow providing shelter and food to natural enemies. From this premise, this work aimed to evaluate the diversity of natural enemies and phytophagous associated with different densities of green manure on a successive intercropping of corn and squash. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul, campus Laranjeiras do Sul-PR. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with six treatments, consisting of six sowing densities of the intercropped oat, hairy vetch and turnip (0, 40, 80, 100, 120 and 160% of the recommended dose) and four replications. After cutting the green manure, in the same plots, pumpkin and corn were intercropped on the straw. Moericke traps were used to collect the insects, which were later quantified and identified in the laboratory, up to the family level. The abundance, diversity and richness of insect families collected during agricultural crops were evaluated. In total, 5504 natural enemies and 11387 phytophagous insects were captured. From the identifications and ecological analyzes it is possible to affirm that the insect population was influenced by the development of intercropping of corn and pumpkin. Among the predatory insects, the main families captured were Dolichopodidae (65.2%) and Anthocoridae (4.1%), and of parasitoids, Braconidae (12.4%) and Figitidae (9.4%). Among the phytophagous, the most abundant families were Thripidae (40%), Aphididae (29.15%) and Chrysomelidae (11.5%). From the correlations between the phytophagous and captured predators, it was possible to infer that there were dense-dependence relationships between the most abundant families.