Influência da densidade de semeadura de consórcio de espécies de adubação verde em sistema de produção de plantio direto integrado de milho e abóbora

Abstract

The use of less impactful and ecologically responsible basic practices associated with management that preserve natural resources are fundamental for sustainable agriculture. Among these practices, the use of green manure and the no-till farming system are fundamental. Some of the most important cover crops are black oat (Avena strigosa Schieb), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L.) and turnip rape (Raphanus sativus L.). The work aimed to evaluate the influence of different sowing densities on a consortium of green manure species in an integrated no-till production system of corn and pumpkin. The work was developed at the Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Laranjeiras do Sul, PR. The treatments consisted of six sowing densities, composed of oats + hairy vetch + turnip: 0, 40, 80, 100, 120 and 160% of the recommended density, succeeded by the corn + pumpkin consortium. The following evaluations were performed: soil moisture, basal soil respiration, corn and pumpkin yields. The results allowed us to conclude that: soil moisture was higher in the treatment with the highest green manure plant population (160%). Basal soil respiration increased more than tenfold from the second year of implementation of the green manure species consortium in an integrated no-till production system for corn and pumpkin. The density of 80% of green manure plants was the one that most benefited the productivity parameters of corn in the first year's crop, increasing the production per hectare. In the second year's harvest there was a decrease of approximately 50% in corn productivity, due to the severe drought that affected the cultivation region.