Adaptabilidade de novas seleções de morangueiro desenvolvidas pela Embrapa, em cultivo protegido e fora de solo no município de Cerro Largo-RS

Abstract

Currently, the most used strawberry seedlings (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) in Brazil are imported, due to the need to have national seedlings with quality, genetic improvement programs are creating new strawberry genotypes, but the main challenge is to develop cultivars adapted to different edaphoclimatic conditions. The accomplishment of this work is justified considering the need to evaluate the adaptability in different regions of Embrapa's materials that are in the selection process, specifically the selections: "22", "09" and "25". The objective of this work is to evaluate and describe the physical, chemical and productive properties of the selections developed by Embrapa, compared to the cultivar Pircinque. The fruits came from a commercial producer in the municipality of Cerro Largo-RS, which has an Embrapa Observation Unit, with production under a protected cultivation system, off the ground and in substrate. The parameters evaluated in the fruits were: mass, length, diameter, pulp firmness, soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, 'ratio', color, visual evaluation for the incidence of diseases and stains, monthly and total commercial production. The parameters evaluated in plants for vegetative growth were: number of trifoliates, petioles and crowns, crown diameter, total leaf chlorophyll, fresh and dry mass of trifoliates, petioles and crowns. In a general evaluation, the physical and chemical characteristics of the selections behaved similarly to the commercial cultivar Pircinque. In the evaluations of soluble solids and 'ratio' the selections showed lower averages than the cultivar Pircinque. All materials evaluated presented a low incidence of diseases and stains, with presence at the beginning of the productive period in unfavorable environmental conditions. In the total fruit production of the selections, selection 25 stood out. Regarding the vegetative parameters of the selections, in the evaluations carried out in the month of July, selection 22 presented the highest averages of number and dry mass of leaves. In December, the 09 team stood out being more vigorous. The selections resemble the commercial cultivar Pircinque, with a lower soluble solids content. The evaluated selections had satisfactory behavior, presenting values of sugar concentration, acidity and fruit quality suitable for commercialization, as well as productivity characteristics. In the general comparison between the selections, selection 25 stood out, which presented the main desired characteristics, and further work will be needed in different regions to prove the adaptability and stability of the materials.