Vivências e motivações de mulheres frente à tomada de decisão pelo parto domiciliar planejado na pandemia de Covid-19

Abstract

Due to the pandemic caused by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the demand for planned home birth has increased and it was empirically observed that more women and families chose to experience this moment in their homes. Thus, this study aimed to understand the experiences and motivations of women facing the decision-making process for planned home birth in the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research, carried out in a virtual environment, with women living in municipalities in the western region of Santa Catarina. Participants were 13 women over 18 years of age who experienced the planned home birth from March 2020 to December 2021, thus covering the COVID-19 pandemic period. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews carried out on online platforms and guided by a script. Information from the pregnant woman's book and physical registration forms with notes from the teams that provided care were also used in data collection. Data were submitted to thematic content analysis. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul under protocol number 5,170,967 and CAAE number 2930121.1.0000.5564. From the data analysis, the characterization of the participants was presented, as well as the themes: “Making the decision to give birth at home” and “Experiencing the planned home birth”. The first theme understood that the decision-making of women who chose planned home birth, in the pandemic, went through several areas and was based, mainly, on issues related to the women themselves, their children, their previous experiences, aspects of the home and hospital environments, to obstetric violence, to spiritual beliefs and ways of life, not being influenced by a single fact. The second theme observed that the women's experiences were constituted by unique moments and with different teachings that impacted everyone who had this experience with them. It was found that the motivations and experiences of women who had a planned home birth permeated the most diverse particularities and, this, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighted the possibility for women to experience a birth with autonomy, reception, respect and safety. . These motivations and experiences, in turn, permeated not only their lives, but those of everyone involved in the context.