Efeito da população de plantas sobre componentes de crescimento e rendimento em milho

Abstract

Corn is an extremely important crop, a source of income for many farmers and an important raw material for the formulation of rations. When growing corn, there are multiple factors that affect its growth and development, including climatic factors and aspects related to crop management. Population density is one of the possible changes related to crop management. By modifying this parameter, the possible consequences are changes in growth and yield components, as well as the occurrence of tillering. However, mainly about tillering in corn, there are still doubts, questions and little information from the maintainers of the genetic materials. , in the components of growth and grain yield of the maize crop. The work consisted of a two-factor randomized block design, evaluating two hybrids (B2688PWU and FS533PWU) at five different population densities (55,000, 60,000, 65,000, 70,000 and 75,000 plants per hectare). The percentage of tillered plants (PPP), number of tillers per plant (NPP) were evaluated, both factors were evaluated in different physiological phases: V4, V8, VT and R6. Still, the stem diameter, plant height, ear insertion height, ear per stalk ratio (prolificity), ear length, ear diameter, number of rows, grains per row, mass of one thousand grains, and finally, the final productivity of each treatment was obtained. The computed data were submitted to joint analysis of variance in order to verify the occurrence of interaction (F test at 5% probability of error) and subsequent test of means (Tukey's test at 5% significance). It was verified that there was an interaction between the hybrids and the populations of plants used, differing among themselves in the percentage of tillered plants and tillers per plant. Yield was not significantly affected between treatments, however, at lower densities there was an increase in yield through the second ears and ears from the tillers.