Perda de solo e estimativa de degradação do relevo em encosta no planalto dissecado do Rio Uruguai (RS)

Abstract

This dissertation has the general objective of estimating soil loss and relief denudation in a plot of soil in the municipality of Alpestre (RS), on a slope in the District of Volta Grande, close to the division made by the Uruguay River between Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. The study area is available in the Rio Uruguai Dissecado Plateau. Soil is a scarce resource, renewable on the scale of human time and due to its importance for countless human activities – from occupation, it is necessary to preserve it. For this, quantification of the importance and reduction of relief is relevant to understand the landscape and identify the main factors that influence the identification of the main factors. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was used for a method of estimating soil loss and the calculation of soil weight by Carvalho (1994) to arrive at the denudation rate, dividing the loss value of soil by the specific mass considering that the result is equivalent to the height of so denuded in millimeters for a thousand years (SUMMERFIELD, 1991). A K factor (rainfall erosivity of 8755.24 MJmmha-1h-1 and a K (soil erodibility) of 0.01868 tMJ-1mm-1h was calculated. 92 t.ha-1.year-1 and a surface degradation rate of 745 mm/ka. These results match and quantify information from the National Soil Program in Brazil that the plot is in an area of high soil erodibility. of the loss of soil losses are important to justify a change of measures that reduce environmental and economic impacts.