Metodologia do ensino de filosofia: uma discussão possível e necessária

Abstract

When talking about Philosophy, what is the main idea about the understanding of its teaching? Is a debate about the methodology of this subject needed? The multiple perspectives on such questions are understandable, but this debate is needed and urgent regarding teaching philosophy in Secondary School. Considering the historical context of Philosophy teaching in Brazil and the changes in the school curriculum caused by the new Common National Curricular Base (BNCC) in parallel to the New Secondary School, the focus is on discussions about Philosophy's role in this curriculum, as well as to the students. Thus, this work aims to develop an analysis of the concepts wielded by Pierre Hadot in relation to the Spiritual Exercises as a method to understand and develop a Philosophy focused on the exercise of the self, i.e., an individual’s exercise to understand themselves. In fact, Philosophy in the New Secondary School curriculum suffered impacts and has to be discussed concerning such changes so that its primary goal can be fulfilled: to develop and be an impulse for the construction of critical and reflective philosophical thinking. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that such assertions are of utmost importance for the defense and maintenance of Philosophy in Secondary School and, consequently, the recognition of such subject.