Avaliação de diferentes compostos a base de bagaço de cana e dejetos animais na adubação de repolho

Abstract

Composting is a suitable technology for treating waste as it produces organic fertilizers that are more stable and can be stored or applied to soil with little or no odor, pathogens, weed seeds or fly larvae. The objective of this work was to evaluate different composts based on sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum) and which was the best dosage for the cultivation of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). These composts were made with bagasse and animal waste (cattle, swine and poultry manure). The study was carried out in the field, on the property of the author of the project, located in the District of Machado, Pinhalzinho-SC, from 07/23/2021 to 06/11/2022, in a randomized block experimental design - DBC, containing 7 treatments, with 4 replications each, corresponding to the doses of the compounds (1 and 1.5 times the recommended by the fertilization and liming manual). The cabbage cultivar (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) chosen was Fuyutoyo, the composts were arranged in a rectangular geometric configuration. Analyzes of the different compounds were carried out and based on that, the fertilization of the plots was carried out according to the need of the soil for the cabbage. Each plot had 20 plants, of which only the 6 central plants were used for evaluations. In terms of cabbage plant data, the plant area (width x length) and plant height (cm) were measured, measured with a tape measure, number of outer leaves (open leaves), and stem diameter. The cabbage head variables analyzed were height and head circumference (measured with the aid of a ruler and tape measure), average head weight (measured with the aid of a commercial scale), and a classification of the visual appearance of the head. The data obtained were submitted to Analysis of Variance, and the means were compared by the Scott-Knott test at a significance level of 0.05%, with the aid of the statistical program R version x64 3.4.2. The results found reveal that treatments with 1.5x the recommended fertilization dose were superior in almost all variables at 30 days after planting. As expected, the control treatment had its development delayed due to the lack of fertilization, and thus, there were significant differences in almost all variables at 30, 60 and 102 days, when the plant data were collected. The harvest was at 102 days after planting the seedlings, and the heads and productivity were analyzed. The most effective treatment had a yield of 110,684 kg/ha while the control treatment had a yield of 91,726 kg/ha, with a difference of 20% in productivity. Among the fertilizers tested in composting, the one that presented the best results was that of birds.