Aplicação e descrição dos efeitos da solarização no combate do patógeno Ralstonia solanacearum em plantações de Solanum lycopersicum

Abstract

Tomato plantations are of great economic importance for all countries, favoring organic production in recent years. In the agricultural scenario, it is a culture that presents attacks by different pathogens, which includes the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, a microorganism that is difficult to control, due to its physiological properties and broad spectrum of infectability to different hosts. Despite the difficulty in controlling this bacterium, some techniques can help reduce the population of the pathogen in the soil, solarization being one of them. Thus, the objective of this research was to apply and describe the effects of solarization in soil naturally infested by Ralstonia solanacearum. The identification of the bacteria was carried out through the cup test, which is effective because it indicates the presence of the disease and the pathogen. Solarization with black plastic was carried out in four areas of 4x4 meters each, for 30 and 60 days, for later planting of 20 seedlings in each and observation of the effectiveness of the treatment. In the area solarized for 30 days there was still the manifestation of symptoms of bacterial wilt, indicating that possibly the temperatures reached were not sufficient to control the bacteria. However, in the 60-day area, in addition to the control of R. solanacearum, control of the Pinta Preta disease, caused by the fungus Alternaria solani, was observed, in addition to favoring a better development of tomato plants. Thus, possibly in association with other control measures in an integrated management system, there is an efficient control of the disease.