A ética de Schopenhauer e as críticas de Nietzsche por meio da negação da vontade

Abstract

The present work consist in the presentation of the ethics of Schopenhauer, as well as of the critics that Nietzsche poses against it through the medium of the negation of the will. In it, we aim to show the critic relationship that exists between Nietzsche and Schopenhauer, considering that the first raises objections to the filosophy of the costumes of his predecessor, giving emphasis in the criticized posture of the negation of the will. To acomplish our goal, in the first moment we will presente the foreground and the basic elements of Schopenhauer’s ethics, so that through it, the denial of the will becomes understandable; so, once established the constitutive elements of the schopenhauerian ethics, we will be presenting the relations that it has with the negation of the will, since its comprehension presuposes and depends on the comprehension of the basic and constitutive elements of his ethics in general. In this sense, it is presented the nietzschean critics towards Schopenhauer’s ethics, which will be directed through the axis of the denial of the will, source of a strong criticism from Nietzsche’s behalf. In what concerns the presentation of the nietzschean criticism, it is going to be divided in two distinct moments: the first and initial, in which is criticized the morality that assumes itself absolut and universal, pointing to the impossibilities of such pretension, and in a second moment, when we will show the most poignant objection from Nietzsche’s part, the one that refers to the value of the moralities, when it is put in question not anymore its sole possibilty, or impossibilty of the universalization of its objective legitimacy, but now through the axiologic perspective, when is put in question the value that possesses a morality that pretends to supress the will.