Polimorfismo HOXB13 G84E e sua associação com o cancêr de próstata - uma metanálise

Abstract

Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most diagnosed malignancy in men and the fifth leading cause of death in the world, making the use of genetic information increasingly important for screening and early diagnosis in the practice of uro-oncology. Thus, the HOXB13 G84E gene has shown to be a promising gene in the study of CaP, in this sense we carried out a systematic review, in which we searched in the databases, case-control studies on the association between CaP and the HOXB13 gene, which resulted in the election of 18 articles, which together contained 304.354 participants, making it possible to assess the incidence of PCa in patients compared to the control population, its impact on: presence of family history of the disease, histopathological Gleason scale and tumor staging. It was observed that there is a greater risk in the manifestation of PCa in carriers of the mutation (OR: 3,82; IC 95%: 3,36-4,34) both sporadically and hereditary, this risk increasing when associated with a family history (OR: 6,54; IC 95: 4,82-8,88), we also observed that patients carrying G84E manifested the disease approximately 1.8 years before non-carriers (MD -1.81; CI 95% -3.29.-0.32). Regarding the dimensioning of the risk of manifestation of more aggressive tumors, it can be inferred the existence of a discreet prevalence of cancer by Gleason scores equal to or greater than 7 (OR: 2,41; IC 95%: 1,81-3,20) and T1 or T2 staging (OR: 3,07; IC 95% 2,29-4,11). We soon concluded that there is an association between the mutation and the appearance of PCa, as well as the tracking of the gene in question may become an important support tool for clinical decisions, however the scarcity of information about the impact on tumor manifestation suggested that more studies should be carried out, especially considering information associated with interventions and outcome, evaluating the approaches addressed, therapeutic responses, survival time and mortality.