Comportamento e bem-estar de suínos em sistema silvipastoril

Abstract

Animal production envisions a new productive phase that requires sustainability and efficiency, silvopastoral systems have their potential little explored, which is the ability to supply a consumer market eager for products of premium quality. However, we need to know the productive capacity and relate this to the animal welfare conditions of an integrated swine production. In this study, we evaluated swines obtained from crossbreeding between Moura and Duroc breeds, raised on a farm in the municipality of Bom Retiro, in the Santa Catarina state. The rural property has remnants well preserved from native araucaria forest and employs an silvopastoral swine production system. The diet provided to swines was based on native pastures, cultivated pastures of white clover in consortium with ryegrass, oats and vetch, in a rotating picket system. The food provided was based on non-GMO corn in crushed cobs and complemented with vegetables, tubers, fruits and roots depending on the season of year. The animal welfare status of these swines was determined through an ethogram that revealed the behavior and habits in the forest and in paddocks of fattening. The herd was submitted to ethogram that aimed to analyze the welfare and behavior of pigs resulting from the cross between the Moura and Duroc breeds, in this study called mouroc, raised in an silvopastoral system, in a scenario of araucaria forest and in the native fields of on top of the Santa Catarina mountain range. For statistical characterization and distribution of time dedicated to each activity performed by swines in the field, the data were submitted to parametric analysis with numerical quantification of production parameters and nonparametric analysis for behavioral events. The behavioral evaluation showed that swines consumed insects, annelids, arachnids and pine nuts in open areas under the araucarias and that most of them were grazing in small groups of 3-4 animals. animals raised in the silvopastoral system, revealing a better quality of life and well-being for animals raised free.