Avaliação do efeito da lipemia e de dois métodos de remoção da lipemia no perfil bioquímico de cães

Abstract

Lipemia interferes with analyte measurements using spectrophotometry, as excess lipoproteins and their cloudy appearance scatter light. The most common form of lipemia is postprandial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lipemia and two methods of lipemia removal on the biochemical profile of dogs, using the DelipVET® reagent and high speed centrifugation (CAV). In experiment 1, 16 dogs were used and blood samples were collected at 2h, 4h, 6h and 12h after feeding. Lipemic samples from dogs with different clinical conditions were also evaluated, regardless of fasting (experiment 2). Each sample was processed without treatment (control) and with lipemia removal treatments by DelipVET® and CAV. Total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (FA), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), albumin, total proteins, creatinine and urea were measured. In experiment 1, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed followed by the Tukey test to evaluate the effect of feeding time, and to compare the sample treatments. For experiment 2, the T test was applied. All with a significance level of 5%. In experiment 1, all lipidogram means of the control group were within the reference range for the species, regardless of feeding time. In experiment 2, hypertriglyceridemia (201.6 ± 106.7 mg/dL) accompanied by an increase in VLDL (41.4 ± 21.4 mg/dL) was observed. Both methods were effective in removing lipemia, with greater reduction of triglycerides in relation to cholesterol. With DelipVET®, the greatest reduction was in samples with 12 hours of fasting (-76.24%) and in CAV 4h postprandial (33.5%). For these dosages, CAV was the best option for removing lipemia. Both techniques were efficient in avoiding the negative effect of lipemia on AST dosage at 4h postprandial. For FA, the values of DelipVET® (205.8 ± 190.6 U/L) were higher than those of the control (190.6 ± 168.8 U/L), demonstrating a negative interference of lipemia at this dosage. It is concluded that the orientation of 12 hours of fasting must be respected for the biochemical profile of dogs and that lipemic samples must be submitted to lipemia removal techniques, observing the most appropriate technique for each dosage.