Analfabetismo entre jovens e adultos: estudo da Meta 9 dos Planos Municipais de Educação do sudoeste paranaense

Abstract

This research refers to the documentary study of Goal 09 (nine) of the National Education Plan (PNE 2014-2024), delimiting the descriptive analysis in the Municipal Education Plans (PMEs 2015-2025), micro-region on the border of southwest Paraná, comprising the thirteen municipalities of the state: Capanema, Planalto, Realeza, Pérola d'Oeste, Bela Vista da Caroba, Santa Izabel do Oeste, Pranchita, Ampere, Santo Antônio do Sudoeste, Pinhal de São Bento, Francisco Beltrão, Bom Jesus do Sul and Barracão. Considering that the objective of this goal is to raise the literacy rate of the population over 15 years old, eradicate absolute illiteracy and reduce the rate of functional illiteracy in Brazil, one wonders what the municipalities in the region are proposing in their plans? Based on this, we examine how the municipalities in the micro-region are presenting and organizing themselves to meet the target. We seek to understand the historical causes of the permanence of illiteracy in the country, and the obstacles that prevent its eradication, relying on information and studies carried out on coherence and inconsistency, common and different points of the strategies proposed by the municipalities within Goal 09. to understand the data presented by research institutes in Brazil, such as IBGE, IPARDES and AMSOP on illiteracy in the southwest region and its permanence. We encourage factors that determine and verbalize the reality of the theme from a reflective approach carried out in the Municipal Education Plans (PMEs) of the mentioned municipalities. From this, it was identified as results that all municipalities officially have their PME and all present goal 09 textually, manifesting a recognition of the problem. However, only seven of the thirteen municipalities offer programs of Literacy for youth and adults. We also identified that Bom Jesus do Sul, Pinhal de São Bento, Pérola D’Oeste and Pranchita managed in 2010 to become free of illiteracy. However, we observe that all these municipalities are characterized by family farming, where historically education is not seen as a means of cultural, social, financial or intellectual acquisition. Finally, it was pointed out that formal education is gradually built in an organized educational system. However, even with all its planning, the system has not yet found a methodological way to ensure student access and permanence in the schooling process of basic education offered free of charge.