Fitorremediação de solo contaminado com herbicidas inibidores de FS II e de ALS

Abstract

The weed control becomes an important practice performed on the main crops, applying herbicides such as Acetolactate Synthase (ALS) and Photosystem II (PS II) inhibitors However, these herbicides can remain in the soil and cause problems in crops grown in the next season, this process is known as carryover. An alternative to decontaminate the soil is the phytoremediation practice. In this way, this study aimed to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of the following species: Vetch (Vicia sativa), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Cereal Rye (Secale cereale), Black Soybean (Glycine max) and Colonião Grass (Panicum maximum cv. Aries), grown in a soil contaminated with atrazine and chlorimuron-ethyl + sulfometuron-methyl, trademarks and Proof® and Ligate®, respectively. The herbicides were applied in pre-emergence of the species. Two experiments were installed, the first tested the species phytoremediation potential, and the second used cucumber as bioindicator culture to see if the soil decontamination happened. The variables analyzed on 40 days after emergence (DAE) were: phytotoxicity (%), height (cm), diameter (cm), tillers on grasses and branches in dicots and the dry weight of the shoots (g). Among the species tested, Vetch and Black Soybean showed the best performance for both herbicides regardless of dose evaluated. The Colnião Grass showed good soil phytoremediation potential for atrazine.