Parto domiciliar planejado após cesárea prévia: vivências e motivações de mulheres

Abstract

The choice for Planned Home Delivery emerges as an alternative in the midst of the current obstetric model, which still performs a large number of interventions and complicated cesarean instructions. That said, this study aimed to learn about the experiences and motivations of women regarding the option for planned home birth after a previous cesarean section. The study was developed from a qualitative approach, of the exploratory descriptive type, with the participation of nine women who experienced a planned home birth after a previous cesarean section, in western Santa Catarina, from March 2020. The study is part of the research entitled “Motivations of women regarding the decision-making process for Planned Home Childbirth in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic”, approved by the Ethics Committee and Research with Human Beings of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul, under opinion number 5,170,967 and CAAE number 2930121.1.0000.5564. Data were collected through online interviews, based on a semi-structured script of questions. Also, information from the pregnant woman's booklet and the records of the teams that provided assistance to the participants were used. The data were coded and explored, resulting in the characterization of the participants and their pregnancy, parturition and puerperal processes, and the thematic content analysis clarified two major themes: "The choice to give birth at home and the influence of a previous cesarean section” and “Preparing and experiencing planned home birth: environment, family and cure.” In the first theme, the factors related to the woman's choice for planned home birth and its planning were highlighted, with the approach to questions about perinatal preparation, influence of previous experiences in decision-making, and introduces the Vaginal Birth After Cesarean. The second topic addressed aspects related to the experience of home birth planned by women and their families, addressing the preparation of the environment, the relationship with the professional team, the presence of family members and the meanings of giving birth at home. Finally, through the study, it was possible to conclude that the choice for this mode of delivery and birth was influenced by several factors, but mainly by the women's previous obstetric experiences. Furthermore, it was found that the experience of a planned home birth after a previous cesarean section allowed women and their families to experience a respectful and humanized birth, giving new meaning to the experience of giving birth and being born.