A América para os Americanos e o Brasil para Farquhar: capital monopolista e violência na região do contestado (1906-1916)

Abstract

This research analyzed the mechanisms of the imperialist exploitation in the Contestado Region by the NorthAmerican enterprise Brazil Railway Company, established in 1906 and economically inserted with monopoly capital, deeply changing the sociability of the people by its role. The international capital provided the construction of a colonizing railway to connect Southern Brazil to its center, creating monopoly industries aimed to explore all available resources lead to the ports for export. In Contestado, the company started the timber exploitation of the Atlantic Mixed Forest, followed by the colonization processes by immigrants and their descendent and bringing with it the consequent private property institutionalizing. Among various consequences, causing Ambiental exploitation with no precedents, segregating of the people and the wellknown bilic conflict between 1911 to 1916. On this research we showed assumptions about the worsening of the class antagonisms int the peasants collective consciousness, that started to claim, through a large popular movement, their usurped living means. The Marxist Theory of Dependency was used as a possibility of analysis about the role played by the monopoly capital in Latin America and Brazil because of the development dynamics of Capital. We tried to find, still, the brazilian State process as a dominant class tool, working in the decisions of the imperialists interests. We also searched to understand the measures and the forms used to explore our region by the foreign enterprise and what lead the local people to segregation. The theorical basis comes from classic authors about the raised topics, as well as the set of historical sources which includes the Annual Report and Accounts of the Board of Directors of the BRC (1910, 1911, 1912 and 1913), parliamentary documents (reports, synoposis and projects of the Chamber of Deputies) from this period, jornalistics matters from local jornals, among others. There by, we tried to understand the transformations that occured in the Contestado Region in the rise of the XX century in the imperialist capital spectrum, after the arrival of the Brazil Railway Company enterprise in the construction of the São Paulo Rio Grande Railway, tracing North to South the Santa Catarina State and the consequent surplus exploitation. It raised the capitalism level in the region to a greater stage connected to the higher categories of the global monopoly imperialism and, therefore, deeply changed the structures of the Contestado Region.