Inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense em cultivares de trigo

Abstract

Wheat cultivation is highly dependent on nitrogen. In this context, bacteria of the genus Azospirillum Brasilense end up playing a very important role. They are able to perform biological fixation of nitrogen and promote plant growth. Currently there is a diversity of studies regarding these bacteria in wheat cultivation. However, some of these works show significant results in increasing productivity and others do not. The response from the bacteria is highly variable, depending on factors related to the interaction between the bacteria, the environment and the genotype. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of the inoculation Azospirillum Brasilense bacteria in different wheat cultivars. The experiment was conducted on field in the city of Novo Machado, RS. The experimental design used was randomized blocks design (RBD) in a 2x4 Bifactor scheme with 3 repetitions, totaling 24 experimental units. The first factor consists of the possible inoculation of wheat seeds with Azospirillum; the second factor consists of wheat cultivars TBio Ponteiro, TBio Sonic, BRS Bela joia and Esporão. Yield components were evaluated, number of sprouts per plant, ears per square meter, number of grains per ear, thousand-grain weight, hectoliter weight and grain yield were evaluated. There was no interaction between cultivars and inoculation. The treatment with the inoculation of Azospirillum bacteria on wheat seeds increased significantly the number of sprouts, ears per square meter, number of grains per ear, hectoliter weight and grain yield. The thousand-grain weight did not show significant effects for either inoculation or cultivar. The wheat cultivar TBio Ponteiro showed a higher number of sprouts, ear per square meter and the highest grain yield.