Mortalidade por demência de Alzheimer na população idosa brasileira na última década

Abstract

Objective: To describe the evolution of mortality from Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the Brazilian elderly population in the last decade, from 2011 to 2020. Methods: Ecological, descriptive, time-series study. The study did not go through the evaluation of the CEP/CONEP system because it used information in the public domain, according to Resolution CNS 510/2016, in its items II and III, under Law No. 12.527, of November 18, 2011. Data were collected through the Mortality Information System - SIM made available through the Department of Informatics of the Ministry of Health - DATASUS. The following variables of the individuals included in the research were evaluated: age (≥60,60-69,70-79 and ≥80), sex (male or female), Region of Brazil and year of death. Chapter VI (Diseases of the Nervous System) and category G30 (Alzheimer's disease) of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision - ICD-10 were selected. The calculation of mortality rates was based on the number of deaths available in SIM and the population data by means of the Resident Population - Population Estimates Study by municipality, age and sex 2000-2020 - Brazil, Preliminary estimates prepared by the Ministry of Health/SVS/DASNT/CGIAE. Results: In the analyzed historical cut-off a sample of 230,336 cases of mortality by AD was recorded, of these n= 27.09% (62,409) are male and n= 72.91% (167,927) are female. The year 2020 recorded the highest frequency of deaths with n= 10.06% (23,736) and the year 2011 the lowest with n= 5.3% (11,894). The Southeast region accounted for the highest number of deaths n= 41.43% (95,381), and the North region for the lowest n= 1.90% (4,374). The highest death rate for AD in the Brazilian male elderly population was 63.97 (2019). The South region recorded the highest mortality rate in the elderly male population by region 76.67 (2019), and the North region the lowest 16.36 (2011). The highest mortality rate by AD in the Brazilian female elderly population was 91.28 (2019). The South region recorded the highest death rate for AD in the female elderly population - 112.52 (2019), and the North region the lowest 21.26 (2011). In the general Brazilian elderly population, the highest mortality rate was 78.88, (2019). The South region recorded the highest mortality rate in the general elderly population 96.66 (2018), and the North region the lowest 18.83 (2011). Conclusion: An important growth in the mortality rate for AD in the Brazilian elderly population was observed in the last decade.