Caracterização da apresentação clínica dos pacientes com síndromes coronarianas agudas

Abstract

Background: Most patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) present with typical symptoms and these patients have diagnostic and therapeutic delays, worse outcomes and higher mortality. Objective: To analyze the clinical presentations and compare the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) with typical and atypical conditions. Methodology: Retrospective cohort study with patients with acute coronary syndromes treated at a tertiary hospital in the northern of Rio Grande do Sul from January 1 to December 31 2020. The medical records of 268 patients were analyzed, grouped into typical and atypical conditions, and the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of these groups were compared. Results: It has been observed that 43.3% of the patients had a diagnosis of unstable angina (UA), 35.1% of acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) and 21.6% of acute myocardial infarction without elevation gap in the ST segment. As for the clinical framework, 32.1% of the patients had an atypical clinical picture. The studied sample had a death rate of 3.4%. There were no statistically significant differences when comparing patients with typical and atypical conditions (p<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical framework shows tight chest pain in a retrosternal location and irradiation to the left upper limb and associated with dyspnea. No statistically significant differences were observed in clinical and epidemiological profiles, severity, complications and mortality when comparing patients with atypical and typical presentations.