Análise das ectonucleotidases em plaquetas de mulheres com câncer de mama

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide and the most frequent cause of death from cancer in this population. In Brazil, it is estimated that for 2023 73,610 new cases will be diagnosed. The southern region is the fourth in the country at risk for the development of BC. BC is a multifactorial disease and has the ability to invade other tissues. The purinergic system may be related to tumor development and progression, as well as dysfunctions in platelet aggregation. The objective was to evaluate the activity of ectonucleotidases in platelets of women with breast cancer (BC) in comparison with healthy women. This is a cross-sectional study, with quantitative analysis, with case and control groups. The patients were selected together with the surgeon directly at the public reference service for oncological treatment in the western region of Santa Catarina, Associação Hospitalar Lenoir Vargas Ferreira – Hospital Regional do Oeste, before the surgical procedure to remove the tumor. A personal approach was carried out with the patients, for the signing of the Free and Informed Consent Form. Healthy subjects (controls) were selected through an active search based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and age matching. The enzymatic activity of the purinergic system ectonucleotidases (CD39, CD73, adenosine deaminase - ADA) was evaluated. As the results point out, a significant difference in the hydrolysis of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) and Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) was observed between patients and controls, which is reduced in patients. The hydrolysis of Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP) showed a statistically non-significant result when comparing patients and control individuals. Regarding ADA activity, the findings were not significant. In conclusion, the results revealed that ENTPDase and E-ADA activities are altered in platelets from patients with CM, suggesting that purinergic signaling may be involved in CM thromboregulation. Decreased E-NTPDase activity may be an indication of reduced platelet reactivity in these patients. In addition, the lower capacity for platelet activation and aggregation may be related to the increase in adenosine concentration..