Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes diagnosticados com leucemia linfocítica crônica

Abstract

Introduction: Among leukemias, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent among individuals over 50 years old. CLL induces physiological changes in B lymphocyte precursor cells and is responsible for about a quarter of new cases of leukemia. Methodology: The sample was non-probabilistic, defined by patients with CLL treated at Hospital de Clínicas de Passo Fundo (HCPF) between January 2012 and December 2021. Categorical variables were described using absolute (n) and related (%) conditions. Results: CLL affected more patients aged 61 to 80 years (59.1%) with a higher prevalence in men (57.6%), however, only 10.5% evolved to death. Of the sample, 34.8% declared to be smokers and 18.2% drink alcohol. The mean follow-up time was 5 to 10 years (54.5%), with RAI III staging in 25% of the population and 19.6% in RAI IV. Of the clinical factors, 100% of the patients had lymphocytosis, 64.2% hepatosplenomegaly and 73.2% anemia. Symptoms of weakness and high blood pressure affected 66% and 69.7% of patients, respectively. In the biochemical analysis, hemoglobin and hematocrit were below the reference values (63% and 63.5%), with a higher lymphocyte count in 80.4% of the patients. Finally, 60% of the sample had high total cholesterol levels, 66.7% had high glycated hemoglobin. Conclusion: Considering the results and the risk of developing CLL, the design of the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients is important so that prevention and screening measures are adopted effectively