Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com câncer de mama em um hospital terciário do norte do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in women, second only to non melanoma skin cancer. Thus, it became evident the need to develop an analysis of the disease in the specific region of a tertiary hospital in the north of Rio Grande do Sul. The research occurred, then, in the Hospital das Clínicas de Passo Fundo/RS (HCPF), analyzing medical records of patients with breast cancer - malignant - in the years from 2016 to 2019. The project took place in the period from August 2022 to July 2023. To this end, an observational, cross-sectional, analytical and descriptive study was established, with a quantitative approach. We also used analytical and descriptive techniques in order to determine the prevalence, define the social, epidemiological, and clinical profile of patients affected by the disease, establish whether there is a relationship between the rural population and the greater involvement of this neoplasm, as well as the majority degree of aggressiveness. The chi-square test was used to verify the involvement of the rural population and the degree of stage that affects this population, but it was not possible to reach a satisfactory result. The research included a profile of women between 51 and 55 years old, with multiple comorbidities. These had mostly unilateral tumors in the external upper quadrant. Facts such as a high prevalence of women with breast cancer after 69 years of age also brought to light the importance of extending the screening period proposed by the Ministry of Health. Thus, it is believed that this study can contribute to the reduction of the number of women affected by breast cancer at advanced stages, increasing their knowledge on the subject and allowing both macro - at the Brazilian level - and micro - at the level of Basic Health Units (BHU) and Family Health Strategies (FHS) - measures to be optimized.