Relação entre positividade de papiloma vírus humano (HPV) e presença de vaginose bacteriana (VB) em mulheres atendidas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)

Abstract

Objectives: Changes in the vaginal microbiota can lead to negative consequences for women's health. Recent studies have shown that BV can act as an important factor in the acquisition and persistence of HPV infection and thus the possible development of neoplastic lesions. The objective of the study was to determine the sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics of the studied population, prevalence of HPV and BV and to investigate a possible relationship between both. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a Gynecology service in the city of Passo Fundo, RS. The search for HPV was carried out using the PCR technique in samples of the cervix-vaginal content of women submitted to the Pap smear. The presence of BV was identified through the analysis of vaginal smear slides stained by the GRAM method. Sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical and health data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Statistical analysis consisted of the frequency distribution method. Relationships between variables were obtained using the X2 test or Fisher's Exact Test, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: 181 women were included, predominantly patients aged greater than or equal to 46 years and mean age of 42.7±10.9 years, white, with some degree of elementary school, exercising paid activity and not residents of Passo Fundo, LOL. BV was significantly related to clinical complaints of leukorrhea and odor and to the contraceptive method used (p<0.05). The prevalence of HPV was 29.8%, while BV was 24.9%. There was no significant difference when relating HPV and BV. Conclusion: The prevalence of HPV and BV is high, but there is no significant co-infection relationship in the studied population, and women with complaints of leukorrhea and odor and who use injectable contraceptives should be observed because they have a higher BV positivity.